慕课在发展过程中，包括基于连通主义学习理论的cMOOC模式和基于行为主义学习理论的xMOOC模式。虽然现在大多数慕课研究是基于xMOOC的，但基于连通主义学习理论的cMOOC课程模式仍是需要人们深入探索的领域。

cMOOC课程模式侧重知识的建构与创造，强调创造、自治和社会网络学习，是基于网络的分布式认知过程的创新教学模式；而xMOOC课程模式更接近传统教学过程和理念，侧重知识的传播和复制，强调视频、作业和测试等学习方式，引入商业化模式，将在线教育推向更大的范围和领域。

对于cMOOC领域如何构建有效的、可操作的教学模式和实践模式，还有待深入探索。马里兰大学与P2PU的合作研究从cMOOC课程的教学设计、平台建设、应用分析等方面为cMOOC领域提供了有价值的参考和借鉴。

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[21]引用原文图表，笔者对原图表进行了翻译处理。

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