Ω-猜想Ω-conjecture,174–176
Ω-逻辑Ω-logic,173,174
α-归约α-reduction,19
β-归约β-reduction,19,20
(κ,λ)-延展系统(κ,λ)-extender,166,176,181
λ-可计算λ-computable,18,21
λ-演算λ-calculus,18,19,21
λ-表达式λ-expression,18–21
ω-模型ω-model,146
σ-代数σ-algebra,151–153,155
爱因斯坦场方程组Einstein field equations,16,18
巴拿赫-马祖尔博弈Banach-Mazur game,157–159
巴拿赫-塔斯基悖论Banach–Tarski paradox,148,149,161
半格semi-lattice,67,68,76
贝尔空间Baire space,152–154
贝尔性质Baire property,148,149,151,152,155,156,159–162
编制化的regimented,39,40,46
并集公理axiom of union,108,138
伯恩斯坦集Bernstein set,151,152,156
伯克利基数Berkeley cardinal,168
波莱尔集Borel set,152–155,160,161
波斯特问题Post’s problem,59,60,62,64,66,70,74,93
柏拉图主义(实在论)Platonism,124
布尔代数Boolean algebra,33,68
布拉利-福尔蒂悖论Burali-Forti’s paradox,104
部分递归函数partial recursive function,55,59,79
不可达基数inaccessible cardinal,156,161–164,171,172
不可或缺性论证indispensability argument,42
C-平凡性C-triviality,93
C-随机性C-randomness,79,80,82,89
策略分枝假设strategic branches hypothesis,182
策略延展系统模型strategic extender model,182
策梅洛-弗兰克尔集合论Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory,29,49,95
策梅洛集合论Zermelo set theory,49,97
柴廷停机概率Chaitin’s halting probability,87,93
超超单集hyper-hyper-simple set,64,65
超单集hyper-simple set,64,65
超低效的superlow,90,91,94
超级马提克策略supermartingale,84
超紧致基数supercompact cardinal,49,165,166,169,170,176–179,181,182
超滤子ultrafilter,163,165,166,176–178,180,181
超幂ultrapower,166,177,180
超算术层谱hyperarithmetical hierarchy,154
超算术归约hyperarithmetical reduction,76
乘积公理multiplicative axiom,116
重言式tautology,138,140
初等嵌入elementrary embedding,124,163–166,168,169,173,176–180
传递的(集合)transitive,126,127,133–135
创造集creative set,60–64
达尔文主义Darwinism,45
大基数公理large cardinal axiom,41,161,162,165,167,170–172,174,175,181
单集simple set,61–65,93
(度结构上的)倒锥体cone(on a degree structure),72,75,91
德穆斯随机Demuth randomness,89
“……的集合”算子the operation“set of”,167
等一致的equiconsistent,101,170,180
递归recursive,49,55,58–62,65,74,83,85–88,90,92–94,105,106,134,137
递归定义recursive definition,11,15,18,19,21,103
递归函数recursive function,18,21,58,59,65,83
递归可枚举的recursively enumerable,58–66,70,71,74,75,83,85–89,93,134
低效性lowness,90–94
丢番图方程Diophantine equation,27
度量空间metric space,25
独立性independency,29,41,42,95,96,123
对角线法diagonal argument,55,56,108,160
对集公理axiom of pairs,108,138
对K低效low for K,92–94
对马丁-洛夫随机低效low forMartin-Löf randomness,93,94
对Ω低效low for Ω,91,92
多到一归约many-one reduction,60–63,76
多到一归约等价many-one equivalent,60
(集合论)多宇宙观multiverse view,114,182
(集合论)多宇宙真multiverse truth,175,176
恶性循环原则vicious circle principle,113,115,117,120
二维语义学two-dimensional semantics,33
反射论证reflection argument,164–167,177,178
反推数学reverse mathematics,48,50
(理论间的)翻译interpretation(between theories),97
翻译的不确定性translation indeterminacy,iii,39
非标准模型non-standard model,102,113,125,146,147
分离公理(模式)separation schema,104,108,135,138,140
分离规则modus ponens,4,138
分析层谱analytical hierarchy,154
分析集analytic set,153,155
分支类型论ramified type theory,112–121
冯·诺伊曼层谱von Neumann hierarchy,102,103,108,109,134,164,169
覆盖性质covering property,179–181
弗雷歇滤子Fréchet filter,163
(集合论)复宇宙multiverse,175
盖尔-斯图尔特博弈Gale-Stewart game,157–160
概括(公理)comprehension(axiom/schema),49
刚性的(结构)rigid(structure),72,73,75,76
高效性highness,92
格lattice,68,69
哥德尔编码Gödel numbering,14,105,106
哥德尔不动点引理Gödel’s fixed point lemma,14,96
哥德尔不完备性定理Gödel’s incompleteness theorem,iii,17,18,28,29,41,42,61,95,147
哥德尔层谱Gödel hierarchy,48,147
哥德尔第二不完备性定理Gödel’s 2nd incompleteness theorem,96,97,99,102,115
哥德尔纲领Gödel’s program,171,181,182
哥德尔完备性定理Gödel’s completeness theorems,14,15,101
共尾分枝假设cofinal branches hypothesis,182
构造主义constructivism,iii,96,112,113,121
关键点critical point,163–165,168,173,180
关系结构语义学relational semantics,28,33
广义低效generalized low,90,91
广义连续统假设generalized continuum hypothesis,107,108,111,112,121,180
广义相对论general theory of relativity,16
函数function,3,31
核心模型core model,180
还原主义reductionism,38
基础公理(正则公理)axiom of foundation(axiom of regularity),102,106,107,138,145
极大集maximal set,65,66
极小算子μ-operator,21
伽利略悖论Galileo’s paradox,144,161
家族相似family resemblance,43
简单类型论simple type theory,114,115,119
阶到阶的rank-into-rank,168–170
紧致(拓扑空间)compactness(of topology space),25
(一阶逻辑的)紧致性定理compactness theorem,113
(图灵度的)精确对exact pair(of Turing degrees),71,72,75
决定性determinacy,157,159–161,167–169
决定性公理axiom of determinacy,159–162,168,171
绝对性absoluteness,125–128,131,133,148,179,180
K-平凡性K-triviality,92–94
K-随机性K-randomness,82–84
卡拉西奥多里标准Carathéodory criterion,151
康托尔空间Cantor space,22,83,151
科恩力迫Cohen forcing,129,147
柯尔莫哥洛夫复杂度Kolmogorov complexity,79–82,86,89,90
可测基数measurable cardinal,49,162–167,169,172,176,179–181
(理论间的)可翻译性interpretability(between theories),72,73,99,145,146,172,181
可构成集constructible set,103,107,108,110–112,119–122,124,134,147,154–156,160,161,168,169,179,180
可化归公理axiom of reducibility,112,115–121
可计算随机性computable randomness,85–87
可靠性soundness,96,101
可与二阶算术相互翻译biinterpretable with second order arithmetic,72,73,76
可数前驱性质countable predecessor property,67,70,76
莱因哈特基数Reinhardt cardinal,168,179
勒贝格测度Lebesgue measure,83,86
勒贝格可测Lebesgue measurable,25,148,151,152,155,156,160–162,169
勒文海姆-斯寇伦定理Löwenheim-Skolem theorem,124,125
类似L的L-like,179–181
类型论type theory,49,112,114,120
力迫法forcing,33,48,69,70,122,123,129,130,134,135,139,140,147,148,170(www.daowen.com)
力迫语言forcing language,135,137
力迫真性定理forcing truth lemma,135
(偏序结构上的)理想ideal(on a partial order),72,73,75,76
(超滤子或延展系统的)连贯序列coherent sequence(of ultrafilters or extenders),181
连续统假设continuum hypothesis,29,41,48,70,96,108,121–124,130,147,149,155,161,165,171,172,174,175,181,182
量词quantifier,3,4,8,73,98,100,105,109,116,119,136,137,154
良基的well-founded,103,104,147
良序定理well-ordering theorem,107
罗宾逊算术Robinson arithmetic,97,100,137
逻辑实证主义logical positivism,31,34,35,46
逻辑原子主义logical atomism,8,34,46
逻辑主义logicism,8,40,42,112
罗素悖论Russell’s paradox,47,104,112,115
(偏序结构上的)滤子filter(on a partial order),72,129–132,135,163,173,177
M-描述M-description,79
MRDP定理Matiyasevich-Robinson-Davis-Putnam Theorem,27
马丁-洛夫测试Martin-Löf test,82–86,88,89
马丁-洛夫随机性(1-随机性)Martin-Löf randomness(1-randomness),82,83,85–94
马提克策略martingale,84–88,90
玛诺基数Mahlo cardinal,172
幂集公理axiom of power,108,127,146,148
莫斯托夫斯基函数Mostowski function,145,146
摹状词description,3,44
n-巨基数n-huge cardinal,179
n-随机性n-randomness,88–92,94
(集合论的)内模型inner model(of set theory),110,122–124,134,147,148,165,170,172,176,179–182
内模型计划inner model program,169,170,176,179,181
内在性辩护intrinsic justification,89,108,167,170,182
能行effectiveness,15,17,18,23,54,58,60–63,70,81–90,105
凝聚性condensation,179–181
P-名称P-name,131,132,135,140,173
帕里斯-哈林顿定理Paris-Harrington theorem,96
皮亚诺算术Peano arithmetic,23,95–97,102,113,122,147
偏序partial order,67–72,99,101,129,131,133,135,136,163,171–174
贫集meager set,152,157–159
普贝尔集universally Baire set,174
潜无穷potential infinite,143
强基数strong cardinal,165–167,176,181
强K-随机性strongly K-randomness,82,89
丘奇-克莱尼序数Church-Kleene ordinal,154
丘奇数Church numerals,20
丘奇-图灵论题Church–Turing thesis,21,23,58
日常语言哲学ordinary language philosophy,29–34,39,40,43,44,46,47
弱对K低效weakly low for K,91,92
弱2-随机性weakly 2-randomness,89,94
弱柯尼希引理weak König lemma,49
弱延展系统模型weak extender model,176,177,179,181
萨克斯力迫Sacks forcing,147,148
(相对可计算的)神谕oracle(in relative computability),57,60,62,63,66,67,75,88,90–94
世界基数worldly cardinal,128
施诺尔测试Schnorr test,85,86
施诺尔随机性Schnorrrandomness,85–87,89,92
实际完备的effectively complete,148,170–172,181,182
实无穷actual infinite,143–145,161
实在论(柏拉图主义)realism,40–42,46,48,100,102,112,113,121,134,147,148,156,171,175,176,181,182
实质蕴涵material implication,4,8,9,28
鼠模型mice,181,182
斯寇伦悖论Skolem’s paradox,125,127,161
素公式prime formula,138–140
算术arithmetical,49
算术超穷递归arithmetical transfinite recursion,49
算术随机arithmetically randomness,88
塔斯基真不可定义定理Tarski’s undefinability theorem,14,17,95,176
塔斯基真定义Tarski’s truth definition,10,13–15,40
替换公理(模式)replacement schema,97,125,138
停机问题halting problem,56,60–62,64,65,67,70,74,88,89,91,94
通用文字characteristica universalis,5
投影集projective set,153–156,160,161,165
投影集决定性公理axiom of projective determinacy,161,171
图灵等价Turing equivalence,57,64–66,88
图灵度Turing degree,66,67,69–75
图灵度结构Turing degree structure,67
图灵归约Turing reduction,57,60,62,63,66,67,69,70,91,93,175
图灵机Turing machine,21–24,26,54,55,57,58,66,67,79,81,85,91
图灵机可计算Turing computable,18
图灵跃迁Turing jump,56,67,71,75
脱殊的generic,130–132,135,173
(集合论真理的)脱殊多宇宙观generic multiverse view,147,175,176
脱殊复宇宙generic multiverse,175,182
脱殊扩张generic extension,33,131–135,156,170–173,175
外测度outer measure,149–151
外延公理axiom of extensionality,104,105
外在性辩护extrinsic justification,90,108,170,174,175,182
完备性completeness,4,53,95,96,101,102,167
完美集perfect set,151,160
完美集性质perfect set property,148,149,151,152,155,156,160–162,172
玩具模型toy model,124,126,134
谓词predicate,3
维塔利集Vitali set,150–152,156
唯一分枝假设unique branches hypothesis,182
武丁基数Woodin cardinal,166,167,169,170,174–176,181,182
无前束程序prefix-free machine,81,82,87,88,91–93
无前束柯尔莫哥洛夫复杂度prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity,81,82,89,91,93
无穷公理axiom of infinity,103,108,161,162
希尔伯特第十问题Hilbert’s 10th problem,27,28
希尔伯特纲领Hilbert’s Program,17,41,95,96
细体字版波莱尔集层谱lightface Borel hierarchy,154
显定义explicit definition,10,38
相对化relativization,105,126
相对一致性relative consistency,95,100–102,106,107,112,122–124,130,134,170,171
香农熵Shannon entropy,78
心理主义psychologism,45
信息源编码定理source coding theorem,78
形式主义formalism,29,40–43,47,95,96,123,145,156,182
行为表述句performative sentence,32
(数学)修正主义revisionism,42
选择公理axiom of choice,107,108,111,115,121,123,125,127,130,144,146,148,150,152,155,156,160,168
严格蕴涵strict implication,8,9,44
言语行为理论speech act theory,32,33
延展系统模型extender model,181,182
遗传可数(集合)hereditarily countable(set),146
遗传有穷(集合)hereditarily finite(set),145,146,155,162
一致性consistency,27,41,48,95–97,99,101,103,112,121,122,147,155,160,167,168,170,172
隐定义implicit definition,38,44
有穷主义finitism,99–103,105–107,112,134,146
优先方法priority argument,74,75,93
语境原则context principle,5–7,10,29,34,38
语言学转向linguistic turn,29,30,33,34
(力迫法的)原模型ground model(of forcing),130,131,182
原始递归primitive recursive,47,49,59,99,101,106,137–141,146
原始递归函数primitive recursive function,21,106,137,138
原始递归算术primitive recursive arithmetic,100
占位符placeholder,3
真值truth value,3
真值表truth table,138–140
真值表归约truth table reduction,63,64,91
(理论间)证明论意义上等价proof-theoretically equivalent,100,147
(理论间)证明论意义上(严格)强弱关系proof-theoretically(strictly)strong,97,147
整体主义holism,35,38
正则基数regular cardinal,132,133,178
指称短语denoting phrase,7,8,10
直觉主义intuitionism,40,42,122
直谓主义predicativism,103,113,115,117–121,146
直系统direct system,166
终极-L Ultimate-L,181,182
主(滤子)principal(filter),163
主词subject,3
自变量argument,3
自然主义naturalism,29,34,35,40,43–47,53
自同构automorphism,72,73,75,76
自由变元free variable,11,19,20
左递归可枚举left recursively enumerable,87
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