刘大玮[1]　郑嵘[2]　王亚蓉[3]

摘　要：本文以“针织”一词为研究对象，从文化的角度对古代手工“针织”技术及其称谓源流进行考证。通过对比古代文献资料，发现关于古代针织物的中外史实资料具有一定的同一性，即均由编织技术延伸而来，且织物具有“织成”面料的特性；其次，从语言学的角度对“Knit”一词词意的演变过程进行分析，认为“针织”这一称谓并非是“Knit”词意的延伸，从先秦至今，“针织”这一称谓的演变经历了“编织—编物—针织”三个阶段。

关键词：针织；编织；编物

The Study and Interpretation of the Word “Knitting”

Liu Dawei　Zheng Rong　Wang Yarong(www.daowen.com)

Abstract:Taking the word “knit” as the research object,this paper makes a textual research on the ancient hand-made “knitting” technology and its appellation origin from the perspective of culture.By comparing the ancient literature,it is found that the historical materials about the ancient Chinese and foreign knitted fabrics have certain identity,that is,they all extend from the knitting technology and the fabrics have the characteristics of forming fabrics.Secondly,from the perspective of linguistics,this paper analyzes the evolution of the word meaning of “knit” and holds that the title of “knit” is not an extension of the word meaning of “knit”.From the Pre-Qin dynasty till now,the evolution of the title of“knit” has gone through three stages.

Key Words:knit；hand knitting；woven；interwoven

关于“针织”一词很难用言语进行定义，国际标准组织对很多针织物术语进行了定义，但都无法对其本身进行定义。此问题来源于对针织品构成定义的必要性而不是制造工艺，长期以来在史学界、文博界没有引起足够的重视。但是，随着近些年纺织考古的不断发展，大量古代针织物被纺织考古学家发现，作为针织技术的历史理论研究基础，有必要明晰“针织”这一称谓的历史源流，这对于针织技术在特定历史时期形成过程的学术研究提供了一种可供参考的理论建构。