1)表示装运/装船或交货的语言表达
在国际货物贸易中,“deliver”和“ship”及其名词“delivery”、“shipment”和名词短语“make delivery”、“make shipment”,常用来表示”交货”。如:
As the latest shipment date stipulated in the L/C is 31st July and cannot be further extended,the goods must be delivered/shipped not later than the above date.(由于信用证规定的最后船期是七月三十一日,不可展期,所以货物必须在上述日期前交货/装运。)
Commodity A can be supplied for immediate delivery,while Commodity B are only available for delivery 45 days after receipt of the L/C.(商品A即期可供而商品B要在收到信用证后45日内交货。)
值得注意的是:对于装运合同,如常用的FOB合同、CFR合同和CIF合同,因其船期就是交货期,所以deliver/delivery和ship/shipment可以互用。但对于到达合同,船期和交货期是两个完全不同的概念,如用D字开头的术语的合同,这时候,deliver/delivery和ship/shipment分别是“交货”和“装船”两个截然不同的概念,不可以混淆。
2)合同中转船条款的语言组织
合同中的转船条款通常只有两种,一种是允许转船,另外一种就是不允许转船。在允许转船的情况下,有时会对转船港口作出限制。
允许转船或不允许转船:相应的英文是with transshipment allowed/prohibited
转船港口,一般用介词at引出:如transshipment at Hong Kong
例:Shipment:during October 2015 with transshipment prohibited
Shipment:during October 2015 with transshipment at Hong Kong allowed(www.daowen.com)
3)合同中分批装运条款的语言组织
合同中的分批装运条款通常包括三部分,批次、每批次的具体时间及具体数量。如:
Shipment:to be effected within January,February and March of 2015 in three equal monthly lots
(装运:分三批,2015年一、二、三月每月一批,每批等量)
Shipment:to be effected within January,February and March of 2015 in three lots,500 metric tons for each month(装运:分三批,2015年一、二、三月每月500公吨)
注意:分批装运条款要具体清晰,避免含糊不清。如:
Shipment:to be effected within January,February and March of 2015 in three lots(装运:分三批,2015年一、二、三月发运)
Shipment:to be effected within January,February and March of 2015 in three equal lots(装运:分三批,2015年一、二、三月,每批等量)
Shipment:to be effected within January,February and March of 2015 in three monthly lots(装运:分三批,2015年一、二、三月每月一批)
由于上述条款对每批次的具体时间或具体数量规定不够明确,容易导致争执,除非买卖双方真有此意,否则应避免类似不明确的条款。
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