对卖方来说，接收货物是买方的一个重要义务。因为货物交接需要双方当事人配合，买方能否及时接收货物，直接对卖方利益产生影响。如CIF和CFR术语下，如果货物到目的港买方无理不及时接收货物，不及时卸货并提取货物，势必造成承运人损失，如船舶滞留目的港而产生的航期损失、港口费用和滞期费等损失，按照运输合同规定，这些损失和费用理应由卖方负责。如果货物发生腐烂变质等情况，还将直接涉及货物的灭失或损害的责任问题。所以，卖方十分重视买方是否及时接收货物，公约第60条规定，接收货物是买方的一项义务。买方接收货物的义务具体包括两项内容：

（一）采取一切理应采取的措施以使卖方能够交付货物

这一项规定主要是要求买方与卖方合作，采取卖方交货所需要的理应采取的措施。如果因为买方没有及时采取措施致使卖方不能及时交货所造成的损失，买方应承担责任。

至于哪些是卖方交货所需要的理应采取的措施，这需要根据双方当事人成交具体条件来确定，如买方需要及时申请进口许可，办理进口报关，指定交货地点，派人到现场接收；在FOB条件下，买方需要负责指派运输工具，在合同规定的时间内到达装运港，并通知卖方所指派船舶的名称及预计到港日期，以便卖方履行其交货义务。如果合同规定的是选卸港，则买方需要及时指定最终的卸货港等。

（二）接收货物

接收货物，也就是接管、提取货物（Taking over the goods，or Receipt of the goods），买方有义务在卖方交货时及时接管、提取货物。

应注意的是，买方接收货物和接受货物（Acceptance of goods ）在法律上具有不同含义。买方接收货物并不一定就意味着接受货物，应该说，接收货物是实现对货物占有权的转移，而接受货物则是实现对货物所有权的转移。如果买方仅仅收到货物，经检验发现货物严重不符，买方有权拒绝接受货物，将已经接收的货物退还。但是如果买方已经接受了货物，则买方就不应再有退还货物的权利。

英国《货物买卖法》有较详细规定，英国《货物买卖法》第35条还具体规定了下列情况应视为买方已经接受了货物：第一，买方已经通知卖方他已接受货物。第二，买方收到货物后，对货物作出了与卖方所有权相抵触的任何行为，如买方以货物所有人的身份将货物出售或将货物抵押或将货物使用等。第三，买方收到货物后的合理时间内未向卖方发出退还货物的通知。英国《货物买卖法》还进一步规定，当买方退还货物时，只需通知卖方即可，并不负责将货物运回等。(www.daowen.com)

课外阅读资料

一、卖方的责任

The seller must deliver the goods，hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods，as required by the contract and this Convention.

If the seller is not bound to deliver the goods at any other particular place，his obligation to deliver consists: （a）if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods - in handing the goods over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer; （b）if，in cases not within the preceding subparagraph，the contract relates to specific goods，or unidentified goods to be drawn from a specific stock or to be manufactured or produced，and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the parties knew that the goods were at，or were to be manufactured or produced at，a particular place - in placing the goods at the buyer ’s　disposal at that place;（c）in other cases - in placing the goods at the buyer’s disposal at the place where the seller had his place of business at the time of the conclusion of the contract.

If the seller is bound to hand over documents relating to the goods，he must hand them over at the time and place and in the form required by the contract. If the seller has handed over documents before that time，he may，up to that time，cure any lack of conformity in the documents，if the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. However，the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this Convention.

二、买方的责任

The buyer must pay the price for the goods and take delivery of them as required by the contract and this Convention. The buyer’s obligation to pay the price includes taking such steps and complying with such formalities as may be required under the contract or any laws and regulations to enable payment to be made. The buyer must pay the price on the date fixed by or determinable from the contract and this Convention without the need for any request or compliance with any formality on the part of the seller. The buyer’s obligation to take delivery consists: （a）in doing all the acts which could reasonably be expected of him in order to enable the seller to make delivery;（b）and in taking over the goods.