保险文本英语翻译时，要理解并表达原文内容，保险概念，特别是保险术语，语言形式、逻辑关系都要尽量忠实原文。下面是一些常见的保险术语和固定表达：

free from particular average（F.P.A.）平安险

with particular average（W.A.）水渍险（基本险）

all risks一切险（综合险）

total loss only（T.L.O.）全损险

war risk战争险

cargo（extended cover）clauses货物（扩展）条款

additional risk附加险

from warehouse to warehouse clauses仓至仓条款

theft， pilferage and nondelivery（T.P.N.D.）盗窃提货不着险

rain fresh water damage淡水雨淋险

risk of shortage短量险

risk of contamination沾污险

risk of leakage渗漏险

risk of clashing & breakage碰损破碎险

risk of odour串味险

damage caused by sweating and/or heating受潮受热险

hook damage钩损险

loss and/or damage caused by breakage of packing包装破裂险

risk of rusting锈损险

risk of mould发霉险

strike， riots and civil commotion（S.R.C.C.）罢工、暴动、民变险

risk of spontaneous combustion自燃险

deterioration risk腐烂变质险

inherent vice risk内在缺陷险

risk of natural loss or normal loss途耗或自然损耗险

special additional risk特别附加险

failure to delivery交货不到险

import duty进口关税险

on deck舱面险

rejection拒收险

aflatoxin黄曲霉素险

fire risk extension clause-for storage of cargo at destination Hong Kong， including Kowloon， or Macao出口货物到香港（包括九龙在内）或澳门存仓火险责任扩展条款

survey in customs risk海关检验险

survey at jetty risk码头检验险

institute war risk协会战争险

overland transportation risks陆运险

overland transportation all risks陆运综合险

air transportation risk航空运输险

air transportation all risk航空运输综合险

air transportation war risk航空运输战争险

parcel post risk邮包险

parcel post all risk邮包综合险

parcel post war risk邮包战争险

investment insurance（political risks）投资保险（政治风险）

property insurance财产保险

erection all risks安装工程一切险

contractors all risks建筑工程一切险

marine insurance policy海运保险单

specific policy单独保险单

voyage policy航程保险单

time policy期限保险单

floating policy（or open policy）流动保险单

ocean marine cargo clauses海洋运输货物保险条款

ocean marine insurance clauses（frozen products）海洋运输冷藏货物保险条款

ocean marine cargo war clauses海洋运输货物战争险条款

ocean marine insurance clauses（wood oil in bulk）海洋运输散装桐油保险条款

overland transportation insurance clauses（train，trucks）陆上运输货物保险条款（火车、汽车）

overland transportation insurance clauses（frozen products）陆上运输冷藏货物保险条款

air transportation cargo insurance clauses航空运输货物保险条款

air transportation cargo war risk clauses航空运输货物战争险条款

parcel post insurance clauses邮包保险条款

parcel post war risk insurance clauses邮包战争保险条款

livestock & poultry insurance clauses（by sea， land or air）活牲畜、家禽的海上、陆上、航空保险条款

insurance proceed保险金（保险收入）

insurance arrangement保险安排，保险计划

insurance agents保险代理人

insurance certificate保险凭证

insurance coverage保险范围

insurance premium保（险）费

insurance applicant投保人

premium保险费

insurance document保险单据

fresh water rain damage（FWRD）淡水雨淋险

risk of shortage 短量险

risk of intermixture & contamination 混杂、玷污险

risk of leakage渗漏险

risk of clash & breakage破损、破碎险

damage caused by heating & sweating受热、受潮险

hook damage钩损险

loss for damage by breakage of packing包装破裂险

risk of rust锈损险

insurance policy保险单

insurance certificate保险凭证

open policy预约保单

at the most favorable rates以最优惠的利率

value declared申报价格

consignee收货人

underwriter保险人，承担人

settle claims理赔

ocean marine cargo insurance clause海洋运输货物保险条款

insurance coverage； risks covered保险范围

Particular Average（P.A.）单独海损

General Average（G.A.）共同海损

Failure to Delivery Risk 交货不到险

risk of normal loss 自然损耗险

insurance against additional risks 附加险

insurance instruction投保通知

insurance conditions保险条件

insurance expense保险费

premium rate保险费率

insurance broker保险经纪人

insurance compensation（indemnity）保险赔偿金

在翻译专业术语时，要注意专业概念体系中概念范畴和概念关系。不同领域的术语表达不同的事物和概念，但在某一特定的专业以及概念体系中，有其确定的含义和相对单义性的多义术语。

下图是一些常用词在保险合同中和普通英语中词义的比较：

下文是贸易合同中有关保险的英中对照翻译：

LLOYD’S

Incorporated by act of parliament

Duplicate This Certificated

Requires endorsement

Claims payable in Exporters reference：

LONDON

CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE NO.C8512/750148

This is to certify that there has been deposited with the Committee of Lioyd’s an Open Cover effected by Sedgwick Forbes Marine Limited of Lioy’s, acting on behalf of Johnson Matthey & Company limited and/or Subsidiary and/or Associated Companies registered in the Unite kingdom, dated the first day of June, 1997, with underwriters at Lioyd’s and marine insurance companies(in the proportions shown on the back hereof)and that the said underwriters and companies have undertaken to issue to Sedgwick Forbes marine Limited Policy of Maine insurance to cover, up to $5,000,000(or equivalent in any other currency)in all by any one steamer and/or motor vessel or sending by aircraft and/or conveyance or postal sending, subject to a sub-limit of $150,000(or equivalent in any other currency)any one postal package, metals of every description and/or chemicals and/or raw materials and/or all other goods and/or merchandise of every description whatsoever incidental to the assured’s business, in and/or over to be shipped on or before the twenty-fourth say of October, 1999, from any port or ports, place or places in the world, via any rout and including transshipment if involved; and that Johnson Matthey & Company Limited and/or Subsidiary and/or Associated Companies registered in the United Kingdom are entitled to declare against the said open cover the shipment attaching thereto.

Dated at Lioyd’s, London, 21st May, 1997.For the committee of Lioyd’s

Conveyance AIR FREIGHT

Via/To CAAC FRANKFURT

From WAREHOUSE WEMBLEY

To WAREHOUSE BEUING

Insured Value Two Hundred

And Thirty Six Thousand

Nine hundred and forty

US Dollars

US$236,940.00

Interest

Marks & Numbers No.of packages

OEHG98102E

BEIJING 11Boxes

Ra 4930/1-8

Ra 4931/1-3

Description of goods

200.000kgs ruthenium powder

99.55minium purity 200 mesh

Letter of Credit No.E73463

Contract No.OEHG9802E0

We hereby declare for Insurance under the said Cover interest as specified above so valued subject to the return of the standard form of Lioyd’s marine policy and standards form of companies policy and to the special condition stated below and on the back hereof

Institute Cargo Clause(All Risk)(1.1.63)as far as applicable

Institute War Clause(1.7.76)or Institute War Clause(including on-carriage by Air)(1.7.76)or institute War Clause(Air)(excluding sendings by post)(1.7.71)or Institute War Clause for the institute of sendings by post(1.7.71)as applicable.

Institute Strike Riots and Civil Commotions clause(1.1.63)as far as applicable.

No survey is required for claims, which appear unlikely to exceed $100(or the equivalent in any other currency).

Further Condition Over

Underwriters agree losses, if any, shall be payable to be the order of Johnson Matthey & Co., Ltd.on surrender of this certificate.

In the event of loss or damage which may result in a claim exceeding $100(or the equivalent in any other currency)under this insurance, immediate notice should be given to the Lioyd’s agent at the port or place where the damage is discovered in other that he may examine the goods and issue a survey report.

(survey fee is customarily paid by claimant and included in valid claim against Underwriter.)

In the event of claim all documents, including this certificate and survey report, to be sent to the brokers stated below:

This certificate not valid unless the declaration be signed by Johnson Matthey & Company Limited

And/or Subsidiary and/or Associated Companies

Registered in the United Kingdom

Dated at London 26th February, 1998

Signed

Broker:Sedgwick Forbes Marine Limited,

Sedgwick Forbes House,

33 Aldgate High Street

London EC3N 1HJ.

参考译文：

劳埃德保险社

（根据议会法令注册）

复本本凭证须经背书

偿付地点：伦敦出口者编号：

保险凭证：C8512/750148

兹证明劳埃德保险社的 Sedgwick Forbes Marine Ltd.（塞威克·福季斯海运保险有限公司）代表Johnson Matthey & Company Limited（约翰逊·马泰有限公司）及/或在英国注册的子公司及/或联营于1997年6月1日向劳埃德保险社的保险公司和海运保险公司（按本凭证背面所示比例分保）填具了一份预约保单，并已交存劳氏委员会；上述保险公司和海运保险公司已承诺保证向Sedgwick Forbes Marine Ltd.签发海运保险单（或多份海运保险单），承诺任何一艘汽轮及/或内燃机船装载的货物，总额为5 000 000英镑（或其他货币的等值）；如空运及/或邮运，每批货物或任一邮包的限额为150 000英镑（或相当于此数目的任何一种货币）；承保的商品包括各种金属及/或其他任何种类的商品，视被保险人的具体业务而定；货物须于1999年10月24日或该日期以前装运，可经由任何航线从世界任何港口或地方运至世界任何其他港口或地方；Johnson Matthey & Company Limited及/或在英国注册的于公司及/或联营公司有权凭此预约保单申报本保险凭证项下的货物。

日期：1997年5月21日劳氏委员会

空运保险

经由：中国民航，法兰克福

自：温布利仓库

保险金额：236 940.00美元

（大写）贰拾叁万陆仟玖佰肆拾美元

保费：

标记与包号总包数

OEHG98102E

BEIJNG 11箱

Ra 4930/1-8

Ra 4931/1-3

商品说明

200.00公斤钌粉

最低纯度99.95% 200目

信用证号码：E73463

合同号码：OEHG9802E0

据劳氏海运保险单标准格式和公司保险单标准格式条款以及下述和背面的特殊条款承保已缴上述保险金上述保值的标的货物。

协会货物条款（一切险）（1963年1月1日生效），失效前均可使用。协会战争险条款（1976年月7日生效），或协会战争险条款（包括空运）（1976年1月7日生效），或协会战争险条款（包括空运）（不包括邮运）（1971年1月1日生效），失效前均可使用。

协会罢工、暴乱及民变险条款（1963年1月生效），失效前均可使用。

估计不超过100英镑（或相当于100英镑的其他货币）的索赔，无须进行查验。(www.daowen.com)

其他条款（背面）

如发生损失，各保险公司同意凭提交本保险凭证向Matthey &Co.， Ltd.指定的人赔付。

如标的货物灭失或破损的赔付额超过100英镑（或相当于100英镑的其他货币），应即刻向发现灭失或破损的港口或地方的劳埃德保险社的代理人报告，以便对货物进行检验并出具检验报告。

（根据惯例，检验费由索赔人支付，包含在保险公司的正当赔付额中。）

如发生索赔，所有单证，包括本保险凭证和检验报告，寄达下述经纪人。

申报单未经Johnson Matthey & Company Limited及/或在英国注册的子公司及/或联合公司签署，本保险凭证无效。

1998年2月26日于伦敦

签字

经纪人：Sedgwick Forbes Marine Limited，

地址：Sedgwick Forbes House，

33 Aldgate High Street

London EC3N 1HJ.

［简要分析与说明］

劳埃德保险公司是伦敦各保险公司的联合组织，成立于1688年，起初主要经营海洋运输保险业务，公布船运信息，现经营多种保险业务，每日发布船运信息。本例前半部分是预约保单（Open Cover），即进出口公司与保险签订的总合同，句子结果复杂，“and”“or”或者“and/or”连接的结构较多。所以翻译起来较困难，需要分清层次，一层层地拆开来进行翻译。翻译保险单（凭证）时应注意保险金额、保险费、偿付地点、实用的保险条款、索赔应提交的证件等内容，以便与合同对照，或者在发生货物灭失或破损时，向保险公司索赔。

下面举一个汉译英的例子，以《中华人民共和国财产保险条例》的英译为例：

中华人民共和国财产保险条例

第一条　本条例依据《中华人民共和国经济合同法》的有关规定制定。

第二条　本条例所指的财产保险，包括财产保险、农业保险、责任保险、保证保险、信用保险等以财产或利益为保险标准的各种保险。

本条例中的保险事故，是指发生保险合同责任范围内的事故。

第三条　财产保险的投保方（在保险单或保险凭证中称被保险人），应当是被保险财产的所有人或者经营管理人或者是对保险标的有保险利益的人。投保方向保险方申请订立保险合同，负责交纳保险费的义务。

第四条　保险合同当事人根据《中华人民共和国经济合同法》第五十条规定，向合同管理机关申请调解或仲裁，应从其知道或应当知道保险事故发生之日起一年内提出。

第二章　保险合同的订立、变更和转让

第五条　投保方提出投保要求，填具投保单，经与保险方商定交付保险费办法，并经保险方签章承保后，保险合同即告成立，保险方并应根据保险合同及时向投保方出具保险单或者保险凭证。

第六条　投保方可以与保险方订立预约保险合同。保险方应当根据保险合同向投保方出具预约保险单，以资证明。

预约保险合同应当订明预约的保险责任范围、保险财产范围、每一保险或一地点的最高保险金额、保险费结算办法等。

在预约保险合同有效期内，投保方应当将预约保险合同范围内的每一笔保险，按规定及时向保险方书面申报；保险方对投保方每一笔书面申报，均应当视作预约保险合同的一部分，按保险合同承担保险责任。

保险方有权查对申报内容，如有遗漏，投保方必须补报。

投保方有权要求保险方对申报的每一笔保险，出具单独的保险单。

第七条　在订立保险合同时，保险方应当将办理保险的有关事项告知投保方；投保方应当按照保险方的要求，将保险方在决定其是否接受承保或者据以确定保险费率所需了解的有关主要危险情况告知保险方。

保险合同成立后，如果发现投保方对本条上款所述的主要危险情况不申报或者有隐瞒或者作错误的申报，保险方有权解除保险合同或者不负赔偿责任。

第八条　由于投保方的故意而发生保险事故，造成保险财产损失的，保险方不承担赔偿责任。

第九条　在保险合同有效期内，投保方和保险方可以协议变更保险合同的内容。对于变更保险合同的任何协议，保险方均应当在原保险单、保险凭证上批注或者附贴批单，以资证明。

第十条　保险合同一经成立，保险方不得在保险有效期内终止合同。

如果按法律或者保险合同的协议，保险方提前终止保险合同时，则应将按日计算的未到期的保险费，退还投保方。

投保方要求终止合同时，保险方有权按照国家保险管理机关规定的短期费率表的规定，收取自保险生效日起至终止合同日为止的保险费，退还投保方原已交付的保险费。

但货物运输和运输工具的航程保险，保险责任一经开始，除非保险合同另有规定，投保方不能要求终止合同，也不能要求退还保险费。

第十一条　除货物运输保险的保险单或者保险凭证可由投保方背书转让，无须征得保险方同意外，其他保险标准的过户、转让或者出售，事先应当书面通知保险方，经保险方同意并将保险单或者保险凭证批改后方为有效，否则从保险标准的过户、转让或者出售时起，保险责任即行终止。

第三章　投保方的义务

第十二条　投保方应当按照约定的期限，交付保险费，如不按期交付保险费，保险方可以分别情况要求其交付保险费及利息或者终止保险合同。

保险方如果终止合同，对终止合同前投保方欠交的保险费及利息，仍有权要求投保方如数交足。

第十三条　投保方应当遵守国家有关部门制订的关于消防、安全、生产操作和劳动保护等有关规定，维护劳动者和保险财产的安全。

保险方可以对被保险财产的安全情况进行检查，如发现不安全因素，应及时向投保方提出消除不安全因素的合理建议，投保方应及时采取措施消除。否则，由此引起保险事故造成的损失，由投保方自己负责，保险方不负赔偿责任。

第十四条　保险标的如果变更用途或者增加危险程度，投保方应当及时通知保险方，在需要增加保险费时，应当按规定补交保险费。

投保方如不履行此项义务，由此引起保险事故造成的损失，保险方不负赔偿责任。

第十五条　在发生保险事故后，投保方有责任采取一切必要措施，避免扩大损失，并将事故发生的情况及时通知保险方。

如果投保方没有采取措施，保险方对由此而扩大的损失，有权拒绝赔偿。

第四章　保险方的赔偿责任

第十六条　保险方对发生保险事故所造成的保险标的的损失或者引起的责任，应当按照保险合同规定履行赔偿责任。

除另有协议者外，保险方的赔偿责任是对投保方在发生事故当时实际遭受的损失负责赔偿，但最高以保险标的的保险金额为限。

如有分项保险金额的，最高以各该分项保险标的保险金额为限。

保险方在赔偿保险财产的损失时，应当将损余物资的价值和投保方从第三者取得的赔偿，在保险赔偿金额中扣除。

第十七条　投保方为了避免或者减少保险责任范围内的损失而进行施救、保护、整理以及诉讼所支出的必要的合理费用，以及为了确定保险责任范围内的损失所支付的对受损标的检验、估价、出售的合理费用，按照保险合同的规定，由保险方负责偿还，但最高以保险金额为限。

第十八条　投保方要求保险方赔偿时，应当提供损失清单和施救等费用清单以及必要的账册、单据和证明。

保险方收到投保方要求赔偿的单证后，根据保险合同的规定，核定应否赔偿；在与投保方达成有关赔偿金额的协议后，应在十天内偿付。

保险方如果不及时偿付，则应承担违约责任，自确定赔偿金额之日起十日后开始按中国人民银行当时对企业短期贷款利率支付违约金。

第十九条　保险标的发生保险责任范围内的损失，应当由第三者负责赔偿的，投保方应当向第三者要求赔偿。

如果投保方向保险方提出赔偿要求时，保险方可以按照保险合同规定，先予赔偿，但投保方必须将向第三者追偿的权利转让给保险方，并协助保险方向第三者追偿。

第五章　附　则

第二十条　公民个人同保险方签订的保险合同，参照本条例执行。

第二十一条　涉外财产保险合同参照本条例执行。

第二十二条　海上保险合同，除法律另有规定外，适用本条例的规定。

第二十三条　本条例自颁布之日起施行。

词汇提示

制定 draw up

依据 in accordance with

规定，条款 provision

调解 reconciliation

仲裁 arbitration

（合同）订立、变更和转让 conclusion， alteration and assignment

签章 affix one’s seal

开具（单据、证明等）issue

以资证明 in witness thereof

有权，有资格 be entitled to

告知 disclose

解除（合同）rescind

不负赔偿责任 disclaim liability

批注，批签，背书 endorse

期满，到期 expiry

按日计算 calculated pro rata daily

退还，偿还（费用）refund

短期费率表 short period rating schedule

欠交的 in arrears

消防 fire-fighting

拒绝赔偿（损失）repudiate liability for any loss

起诉，诉讼 litigation

减轻，减少 mitigate

违约 breach of the contract

短期贷款利率 interest rate for short term loans

国家保险管理机关 State Insurance Supervisory Authority

转让（索赔权），替代理赔 subrogate to

附则 supplementary provisions

生效，施行 comes into force

颁布 promulgation

术语

财产保险 property insurance

责任保险 liability insurance

保证保险 surety bond

投保，为……投保 cover

被保险人，投保方 insured

保险方 insurer

保险单（insurance）policy

保险凭证 certificate of insurance

保险标的 the subject matter insured

预约保险合同 an open cover

货物运输保险 cargo transportation insurance

保险赔偿金 indemnity

运输工具航程保险 insurance on conveyances for voyages

海洋保险 marine insurance

要点解析

1.投保方向保险方申请订立保险合同，负责交纳保险费的义务。

In applying to the Insurer for the conclusion of a contract of insurance，the applicant shall be obligated to pay the insurance premium.

“In applying to the Insurer ...”表伴随状态，与主句形成并列关系；“负责”译为“be obligated to”。

2.第四条　保险合同当事人根据《中华人民共和国经济合同法》第五十条规定，向合同管理机关申请调解或仲裁，应从其知道或应当知道保险事故发生之日起一年内提出。

Article 4 The parties to the contract of insurance applying to the organ for control of contracts for reconciliation or arbitration in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of the Economic Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China shall make their submission within a period of one year from the date on which the incidence of an insured event is known or ought to be known by them.

在法律条文中，具体某一条款均以“Article”表示；“（管理）机关”在这里译为“organ”，“规定”译为“provision”，“（正式）提出”表述为“make submission”；“date（某一天）”要与“on which”引导的定语从句连接，更符合英语长句的习惯。

3.第七条　在订立保险合同时，保险方应当将办理保险的有关事项告知投保方；投保方应当按照保险方的要求，将保险方在决定其是否接受承保或者据以确定保险费率所需了解的有关主要危险情况告知保险方。

Article 7 At the time a contract of insurance is concluded, the Insurer shall advise the Insured of all matters related to the way of effecting insurance, and the Insured shall, as required by the Insurer, disclose all material circumstances which the Insurer requires to know in deciding whether or not to accept the risk or the premium to be charged.

“办理保险”表达为“effect insurance”；“as required by the Insurer”作为插入语，符合英语表达习惯；“in deciding whether or not...”作状语，为后置的句型结构。

4.保险合同成立后，如果发现投保方对本条上款所述的主要危险情况不申报或者有隐瞒或者作错误的申报，保险方有权解除保险合同或者不负赔偿责任。

Should, after the conclusion of the contract of insurance, there be any non-disclosure, concealment or misrepresentation by the Insured of the material circumstances mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the Insurer shall be entitled to rescind the contract of insurance or disclaim liability.

“如果”译为“Should...there be”是倒装句，表示假设，正常的语序为“If there should be...”；“有权”译为“be entitled to”。

5.但货物运输和运输工具的航程保险，保险责任一经开始，除非保险合同另有规定，投保方不能要求终止合同，也不能要求退还保险费。

In no case can the insured ask for termination of cargo transportation insurance and insurance on conveyances for voyages once they commence and for refund of premium, unless otherwise stipulated in the contract of insurance.

“In no case ...”在句首，表强调，此时整个句子的语序需倒装，“In no case can ...”表示“任何情况下都不能……”；“一经”用“once”表示，连接两个完整的句子。

6.第十一条　除货物运输保险的保险单或者保险凭证可由投保方背书转让，无须征得保险方同意外，其他保险标准的过户、转让或者出售，事先应当书面通知保险方，经保险方同意并将保险单或者保险凭证批改后方为有效，否则从保险标准的过户、转让或者出售时起，保险责任即行终止。

Article 11 With the exception of the cargo transportation policy or certificate of insurance which may be transferred by the Insured by endorsement without the necessity of obtaining the approval of the Insurer, the insurance shall terminate at the time of the transfer, assignment or sale of the subject-matter insured unless prior written notice is given to the Insurer and his consent obtained, with the policy or the certificate of insurance duly endorsed.

“除了”译为“With the exception”；“with the policy or the certificate of insurance duly endorsed”表伴随，按英语惯常的表达方式后置。

7.投保方应及时采取措施消除。否则，由此引起保险事故造成的损失，由投保方自己负责，保险方不负赔偿责任。

The Insured shall take measures to eliminate them without delay, failing which he shall be liable for any loss arising from an insured event caused thereby, and the Insurer shall exenterate himself from liability.

此处的“否则”没有译为“otherwise”，而用“failing which...”表示，自然地引出后面的句子。

8．保险方收到投保方要求赔偿的单证后，根据保险合同的规定，核定应否赔偿；在与投保方达成有关赔偿金额的协议后，应在十天内偿付。

Upon receipt of the documents for such claim, the Insurer shall decide whether or not to admit liability, and where an agreement on the amount payable is reached with the Insured, shall effect payment within ten days from the date of such agreement.

“where...”引导从句，此处指程度，表示“赔偿金额的多少”；“偿付”译为“effect payment”，“effect”在这里表示“完成”的意思。

参考译文

Regulations of the PRC on Property Insurance

Article 1 The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Property Insurance are drawn up in accordance with relevant provisions of the Economic Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China.

Article 2 The property insurance referred to in the present Regulations includes various kinds of insurance on either property or interest as the subject matter of insurance, such as property insurance, agricultural insurance, liability insurance, surety bond, credit insurance, etc.

The event mentioned in the present Regulations refers to an event coming within the scope of cover under the contract of insurance.

Article 3 An applicant for cover of property insurance(called the Insured in the policy or the certificate of insurance)shall be owner or the operating manager of the insured property or a person who has an insurable interest in the subject matter insured.In applying to the Insurer for the conclusion of a contract of insurance, the applicant shall be obligated to pay the insurance premium.

Article 4 The parties to the contract of insurance applying to the organ for control of contracts for reconciliation or arbitration in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of the Economic Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China shall make their submission within a period of one year from the date on which the incidence of an insured event is known or ought to be known by them.

CHAPTER II　CONCLUSION, ALTERATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACT OF INSURANCE

Article 5 A contract of insurance shall be deemed to be concluded when the applicant puts forward his proposal for insurance by filling in an application and agrees with the Insurer on the method of payment of insurance premium and when the Insurer signifies acceptance of the said application form by affixing his seal thereto.The Insurer shall issue a policy or a certificate of insurance to the applicant in good time in accordance with the contract of insurance.

Article 6 An applicant may conclude an open cover with the Insurer, and the Insurer shall, in witness thereof issue an open policy to the applicant according to the contract of insurance.

The open cover shall stipulate the scope of cover, the range of property insured, the maximum amount of insurance each risk or at each place and the method of settling premium, etc.

During the currency of the open cover, the insured shall declare to the Insurer in writing, in good time each and every risk falling within the scope of the open cover according to thestipulations.The Insurer shall treat each written declaration by the Insured as a part of the open cover and shall be liable therefor in accordance with the contract of insurance.

The Insurer shall be entitled to verify the contents of the declarations, and in cases of any omission, the Insured shall rectify it by filing the omitted declaration or declarations.

The Insured may ask the Insurer to issue a separate policy for any one risk declared.

Article 7 At the time a contract of insurance is concluded, the Insurer shall advise the Insured of all matters related to the way of effecting insurance, and the Insured shall, as required by the Insurer, disclose all material circumstances which the Insurer requires to know in deciding whether or not to accept the risk or the premium to be charged.

Should, after the conclusion of the contract of insurance, there be any non-disclosure, concealment or misrepresentation by the Insured of the material circumstances mentioned in the proceeding paragraph the Insurer shall be entitled to rescind the contract of insurance or disclaim liability.

Article 8 The Insurer shall not be liable for any loss of or damage to the insured property in consequence of an insured event caused by any intentional act of the Insured.

Article 9 The contents of a contract of insurance may be altered by agreement between the Insured and the Insurer during the currency thereof.Any agreement on the alteration of the contract of insurance shall be certified to by the Insurer by endorsing the policy or the certificate of insurance or by affixing an endorsement thereto.

Article 10 Once a contract of insurance is concluded, the Insurer shall not terminate it during its currency.

In case the contract of insurance is terminated by the Insurer prior to its expiry pursuant to law or to the agreement of the contract of insurance, the premium to be calculated pro rata daily for the unexpired period shall be refunded to the Insured.

When the contract is terminated at the request of the Insured, the Insurer shall be entitled to charge the premium calculated on the basis of the short period rating schedule set by the State Insurance Supervisory Authority for the time the contract has been in force, and refund to the Insured the premium paid by him.

In no case can the Insured ask for termination of cargo transportation insurance and insurance on conveyances for voyages once they commence and for refund of premium, unless otherwise stipulated in the contract of insurance.

Article 11 With the exception of the cargo transportation policy or certificate of insurance which may be transferred by the Insured by endorsement without the necessity of obtaining the approval of the Insurer the insurance shall terminate at the time of the transfer, assignment or sale of the subject-matter insured unless prior written notice is given to the Insurer and his consent obtained, with the policy or the certificate of insurance duly endorsed.

CHAPTER III　OBLIGATIONS OF THE INSURED

Article 12 The Insured shall pay the insurance premium within the specified time.If he fails to do so, the Insurer may, depending on specific circumstances either require the Insured to pay the premium due with interest or terminate the contract of insurance.

In case of termination of the contract, the Insurer shall remain entitled to require the Insured to pay the full amount of the premium in arrears and the interest due hereon before the contract is terminated.

Article 13 The Insured shall safeguard the safety of workers and the insured property by observing the relevant rules and regulations on fire-fighting, safety, productive operation and labour protection.

The Insurer shall be entitled to make inspections as to the security condition of the insured property, and shall, in case of any potential unsafe factors being discovered, make reasonable recommendation to the Insured in good time for the removal thereof and the Insured shall take measures to eliminate them without delay, failing which he shall be liable for any less arising from an insured event caused thereby, and the Insurer shall exenterate himself from liability.

Article 14 In case of any change in the use of the insured property or increase in the risk exposure, the Insured shall immediately notify the Insurer in writing and shall pay an additional premium according to stipulations when so required.

If the Insured fails to do so, the Insurer shall not be held liable for any loss arising from an insured event resulting therefrom.

Article 15 Upon the incidence of an insured event, the Insured shall take all necessary measures to prevent aggravation of the loss and shall notify the Insurer immediately of full details of the event.

If the Insured fails to take such measures, the Insurer shall be entitled to repudiate liability for any loss so aggravated.

CHAPTER IV　THE LIABILITY OF THE INSURANCE OR COMPENSATION

Article 16 The Insurer shall, in accordance with the stipulations of the contract of insurance perform the obligation of compensating for loss of or damage to the subject matter insured or for liability caused by or arising from an insured event.

Unless otherwise agreed, the liability of the Insurer for compensation is for loss or damage actually suffered by the Insurer at the time of an insured event subject to a maximum not exceeding the insured amount of the subject-matter insured.

If there are separate items with separate insured amounts the Insurer’s maximum liability shall not exceed the insured amount of each item of the subject-matter insured.

In compensating for loss of or damage to the insured property, the Insurer shall deduct from the amount of compensation the salvage value of such property and the amount recovered by the Insured from third parties.

Article 17 The Insurer will according to the stipulations of the contract of insurance be liable for reasonable costs necessarily incurred by the Insured for salving, safeguarding, reconditioning or litigation to mitigate a loss within the scope of cover and for reasonable expenses incurred for inspecting, assessing or selling of the damaged subject-matter insured for the purpose of ascertaining the loss falling under the scope of cover, provided that such costs and expenses shall not exceed the sum insured.

Article 18 The Insured shall when lodging a claim submit to the Insurer a statement of claim and statements for salvage charges, etc.as well as necessary accounts, vouchers and documentary evidence.

Upon receipt of the documents for such claim, the Insurer shall decide whether or not to admit liability, and where an agreement on the amount payable is reached with the Insured, shall effect payment within ten days from the date of such agreement.

In case of failure to pay within the prescribed time, the Insurer shall be liable for breach of the contract and subject to a penalty commencing from the eleventh day following the date on which the amount of indemnity is determined, according to the interest rate then prevailing for short term loans to enterprises as set by the People’s Bank of China.

Article 19 If the insured property sustains a loss within the scope of cover for which a third party shall be held liable, the Insured shall file a claim with such third party.

The Insurer may make compensation in advance according to the provisions of the contract if the Insured claims against him, in such case, however, the Insured shall subrogate to the Insurer the right of recovery against the third party and assist the latter in pursuing such recovery.

CHAPTER V　SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

Article 20 The Present Regulations shall apply to contracts of insurance concluded between the Insurer and individuals.

Article 21 The Present Regulations shall apply to contract of insurance on property involving foreign elements.

Article 22 Unless otherwise stipulated by the Law, the present Regulations shall apply to contracts of marine insurance.

Article 23 The present Regulations come into force on the day of promulgation.